Investigation of the Effects of Musical Rhythm Supported Exercises on Technical Development in Football / Futbolda Müzikal Ritim ile Uygulanan Çalışmaların Teknik Gelişim Üzerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Effects of Musical Rhythm Supported Exercises on Technical Development in Football
Keywords:
Musical Rhythm, Football, Technical SkillsAbstract
ABSTRACT
Aim: This study was conducted to examine the effects of exercises supported by musical rhythm in football training on the development of 9th grade students’ football technical skills.
Material and Method: This study was designed using a pretest-posttest control and experimental group quasi-experimental design to test the effects of integrating musical rhythm into football education on technical skills (dribbling, passing, shooting). The research was conducted with 53 students (33 boys, 20 girls) studying at Trabzon Sports High School in the 2024–2025 academic year. The experimental (Class 9/A, n=29) and control (Class 9/B, n=24) groups were determined according to their classroom branches. The experimental process of the study was carried out in the first semester within the framework of the football unit of the Team Sports course and Sports Applications course for a total of 6 weeks, planned as 2 days a week and 3 lesson hours on each application day. While a rhythm-backed technical training program with musical accompaniment was applied to the experimental group, the same technical training program without musical rhythm support was administered to the control group. To measure technical performance, the Mor-Christian General Football Ability Test and the Loughborough Passing Test were used, and the data were analyzed within the context of descriptive statistics and ANCOVA test results in the SPSS 27 program.
Results: The findings showed a significant difference in favor of the experimental group in the MC dribbling test (p<0.001; η²=0.225). No significant difference was found in MC passing and shooting tests (p>0.05). A significant difference in favor of the experimental group was found in the LB passing test (p<0.001; η²=0.494). In gender-based analyses, no significant differences were found between female and male students in MC dribbling, passing, and shooting scores (p>0.05). In the LB passing test, a significant difference in favor of the experimental group was found in both female and male students (p<0.001, η²=0.829; η²=304).
Conclusion: These results indicate that musical rhythm-supported exercises may be more effective in technical development compared to traditional training. It is recommended that similar studies be conducted especially on younger age groups and that the effects of rhythmic applications be comparatively investigated across different sports branches.
Keywords: Football, Musical Rhythm, Technical Skills.
ÖZET
Amaç: Bu çalışma futbol eğitiminde müzikal ritimle desteklenen egzersizlerin 9. sınıf öğrencilerin futbol tekniklerinin gelişimi üzerindeki etkisini incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirildi.
Materyal ve Metod: Bu çalışma, müzikal ritmin futbol eğitimine entegrasyonunun teknik (top sürme, pas, şut) üzerindeki etkilerini test etmek amacıyla ön test-son test kontrol ve deney gruplu yarı deneysel desen kullanılarak tasarlandı. Araştırma, 2024–2025 eğitim-öğretim yılında Trabzon Spor Lisesi’nde öğrenim gören 53 öğrenci (33 erkek, 20 kız) ile yürütüldü. Deney (9/A Sınıfı, n=29) ve kontrol (9/B sınıfı, n=24) grupları sınıf şubelerine göre belirlendi. Araştırmanın deneysel süreci, birinci dönemde Takım Sporları ve Spor Uygulamaları dersi futbol ünitesi çerçevesinde, haftada 2 gün ve günde 3’er ders saati olmak üzere toplam 6 hafta boyunca yürütülmüştür. Deney grubuna müzikal eşlikli ritim destekli teknik antrenman uygulanırken, kontrol grubuna müzikal ritim desteği içermeyen aynı program tatbik edildi. Teknik performansı ölçmek için Mor-Christian Genel Futbol Yetenek Testi ve Loughborough Pas Testi kullanılırken, veriler SPSS 27 programında tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve ANCOVA testi ile analiz edildi.
Bulgular:. Elde edilen bulgular MC top sürme testinde deney grubu lehinde anlamlı bir fark olduğu saptandı (p<0.001; η²=0.225). MC pas verme ve şut atma testlerinde oluşan farkın anlamlı düzeyde olmadığı tespit edildi (p>0.05). LB pas testinde oluşan farkın deney grubu lehine anlamlı düzeyde olduğu tespit edildi (p<0.001; η²=0.494). Cinsiyet bağlamında yapılan analizlerde kız ve erkek öğrencilerin MC top sürme, pas verme ve şut atma skorlarında anlamlı farklılık bulunmadığı saptandı (p>0.05). LB pas testinde hem kız hem erkek öğrencilerde oluşan farkın deney grubu lehinde anlamlı düzeyde olduğu saptandı (p<0.001, η²=0.829; η²=304).
Sonuç: Bu sonuçlar müzikal ritim destekli egzersizlerin geleneksel antrenmanlara kıyasla teknik gelişiminde daha etkili olabileceğini ortaya koymaktadır. Özellikle daha küçük yaş grupları üzerinde benzer çalışmaların yapılması ve farklı spor branşlarında ritmik uygulamaların etkilerinin karşılaştırmalı biçimde araştırılması önerilmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Futbol, Müzikal Ritim, Teknik.
References
Al-Hofy, M. H., Hady, M. M. R. T. A., & Hady, M. A. (2022). The effect of using rhythmic kinetic exercises on improving the kinetic speed of junior soccer players. Journal of Theories and Applications of Physical Education Sport Sciences, 7(1), 72-89.
Bacon C. J, Myers T. R., & Karageorghis C.I., (2012). Effect of music-movement synchrony on exercise oxygen consumption. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 52(4):359-65. PMID: 22828457.
Behm, D. G., & Sale, D. G. (1993). Intended rather than actual movement velocity determines velocity-specific training response. Journal of Applied Physiology, 74(1), 359–368.
Cannon, J. J., & Patel, A. D. (2021). How Beat Perception Co-opts Motor Neurophysiology, Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 25(2), 137-150.
Güler, M. Ş., Yüksek, S., Karakoç, Ö., Eroğlu, H. & Ayan, V. (2019). Oyun ve ritm temelli basketbol antrenmanlarının erkek çocukların motorik becerileri üzerine etkisi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 21(4), 40–41.
Karageorghis, C. I., Mouzourides, D. A., Priest, D. L., Sasso, T. A., Morrish, D. J., & Walley, C. J. (2009). Psychophysical and ergogenic effects of synchronous music during treadmill walking. Journal of sport & exercise psychology, 31(1), 18–36. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.31.1.18
Karageorghis, C. I., Jones, L., Priest, D. L., Akers, R. I., Clarke, A., Perry, J. M., Reddick, B. T., Bishop, D. T., & Lim, H. B. (2011). Revisiting the relationship between exercise heart rate and music tempo preference. Research quarterly for exercise and sport, 82(2), 274–284. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2011.10599755
Kurban, M. K. Y., & Yalçın Kaya, M. (2017). Futbol temel teknik antrenmanlarının 10–13 yaş grubu çocukların bazı motorik ve teknik yetenek gelişimlerine etkisinin araştırılması. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(3), 210–221.
Med Ali, H., Chameseddine, G., Sehli, H., Abdelawi, S., Maher, G., & Makrem, Z. (2016) Verbalization and Visualisation Effect on Football Technical Learning Using Loughborough Soccer Passing Test (LSPT). Creative Education, 7, 2524-2531. doi: 10.4236/ce.2016.716239.
Molinari, M., Chiricozzi, F. R., Clausi, S., Tedesco, A. M., De Lisa, M., & Leggio, M. G. (2008). Cerebellum and detection of sequences, from perception to cognition. The Cerebellum, 7(4), 611-615.
Ölmez, C. (2017). Müzikli ritim çalışmaları ile yapılan taekwondo eğitiminin çocukların teknik ve motorik gelişimlerine etkisi (Master’s thesis, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi). Retrieved from YÖK Thesis Center Thesis No. 471995
Rönnqvist, L., McDonald, R., & Sommer, M. (2018). Influences of Synchronized Metronome Training on Soccer Players’ Timing Ability, Performance Accuracy, and Lower-Limb Kinematics. Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Sweden.
Strand, B. N., & Wilson, R. (1993). Assessing sport skills. Human Kinetics.
Sacks, O. (2007). Musicophilia: Tales of music and the brain. Alfred A. Knopf.
Serpiello, F. R., Cox, A., Oppici, L., Hopkins, W. G., & Varley, M. C. (2017). The Loughborough Soccer Passing Test has impractical criterion validity in elite youth football. Science and Medicine in Football, 1(1), 60–64. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1254810
Schmidt, R. A., Lee, T. D., Winstein, C., Wulf, G., & Zelaznik, H. N. (2018). Motor control and learning: A behavioral emphasis (6th ed.). Human Kinetics.
Terry, P. C., Karageorghis, C. I., Curran, M. L., Martin, O. V., & Parsons Smith, R. L. (2020). Effects of music in exercise and sport: A meta analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 146(2), 91–117. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000216
Thaut, M. H. (2005). Rhythm, music, and the brain: Scientific foundations and clinical applications. Routledge.
Wang, L., Peng, J. L., Xiang, W., Huang, Y. J., & Chen, A. L. (2022). Effects of rhythmic auditory stimulation on motor function and balance ability in stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical randomized controlled studies. Frontiers in neuroscience, 16, 1043575. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.1043575
Yin, X., Zhu, R., Shi, X., Cai, G., Jing, C., Pan, Q., & Yang, T. (2023). The effect of rhythm training on the motor coordination abilities of 8-12-year-old freestyle swimmers. PeerJ, 11, e15667. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15667
Zatorre, R. J., Chen, J. L., & Penhune, V. B. (2007). When the brain plays music: auditory–motor interactions in music perception and production. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 8(7), 547–558.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Anatolia Sport Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
